ʻO nā haki o ka hui kuʻekuʻe wāwae i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā mana wili a kū pololei paha, e like me nā haki Pilon, pili pinepine i ka malleolus hope. Hoʻokō ʻia ka hōʻike ʻana o ka "malleolus hope" ma o ʻekolu mau ʻano hana ʻoki kino nui: ke ʻano posterior lateral, ke ʻano posterior medial, a me ke ʻano posterior medial i hoʻololi ʻia. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka haki a me ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana iwi, hiki ke koho ʻia kahi ala kūpono. Ua hana nā haumāna haole i nā haʻawina hoʻohālikelike ma ka laulā hōʻike o ka malleolus hope a me ke koʻikoʻi ma nā pūʻolo vascular a me neural o ka hui kuʻekuʻe wāwae e pili ana i kēia mau ʻano ʻekolu.
ʻO nā haki o ke kuʻekuʻe wāwae i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā mana wili a kū pololei paha, e like me nā haki Pilon, pili pinepine i ka malleolus hope. Hoʻokō ʻia ka hōʻike ʻana o ka "malleolus hope" ma o ʻekolu mau ʻano hana ʻoki kino nui: ke ʻano posterior lateral, ke ʻano posterior medial, a me ke ʻano posterior medial i hoʻololi ʻia. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka haki a me ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana iwi, hiki ke koho ʻia kahi ala kūpono. Ua hana nā haumāna haole i nā haʻawina hoʻohālikelike ma ka laulā hōʻike o ka malleolus hope a me ke koʻikoʻi.
ma nā pūʻolo vascular a me nā neural o ka hui kuʻekuʻe wāwae e pili ana i kēia mau ʻano ʻekolu.
1. Ke Ala Hoʻokokoke Medial Hope
ʻO ke ala medial posterior e pili ana i ke komo ʻana ma waena o ka flexor lōʻihi o nā manamana wāwae a me nā kīʻaha tibial posterior. Hiki i kēia ala ke hōʻike i ka 64% o ka malleolus posterior. ʻO ke kaumaha ma nā pūʻolo vascular a me nā neural ma ka ʻaoʻao o kēia ala ua ana ʻia ma 21.5N (19.7-24.1).
▲ Ke Ala Hoʻokokoke ʻana ma hope o ka Medial (Pana Melemele). 1. ʻO ke aʻalolo tibial hope; 2. ʻO ke aʻalolo flexor lōʻihi o nā manamana wāwae; 3. Nā kīʻaha tibial hope; 4. ʻO ke aʻalolo Tibial; 5. ʻO ke aʻalolo Achilles; 6. ʻO ke aʻalolo flexor hallucis longus. AB=5.5CM, ʻo ka laulā hōʻike malleolus hope (AB/AC) he 64%.
2. Ke Ala Hoʻokokoke ʻaoʻao hope
ʻO ke ala hoʻokokoke ʻaoʻao hope e pili ana i ke komo ʻana ma waena o nā tendon peroneus longus a me brevis a me ke tendon flexor hallucis longus. Hiki i kēia ala ke hōʻike i 40% o ka malleolus hope. ʻO ke kaumaha ma nā pūʻolo vascular a me nā neural ma ka ʻaoʻao o kēia ala ua ana ʻia ma 16.8N (15.0-19.0).
▲ Ke Ala ʻĀkau Hope (Pōʻai Melemele). 1. ʻO ke aʻalolo tibial hope; 2. ʻO ke aʻalolo flexor lōʻihi o nā manamana wāwae; 4. Nā kīʻaha tibial hope; 4. ʻO ke aʻalolo Tibial; 5. ʻO ke aʻalolo Achilles; 6. ʻO ke aʻalolo Flexor hallucis longus; 7. ʻO ke aʻalolo Peroneus brevis; 8. ʻO ke aʻalolo Peroneus longus; 9. ʻO ke aʻalolo saphenous liʻiliʻi; 10. ʻO ke aʻalolo fibular maʻamau. AB=5.0CM, ʻo ka laulā hōʻike malleolus hope (BC/AB) he 40%.
3. Hoʻololi ʻia ke ʻano Medial Posterior
ʻO ke ʻano medial posterior i hoʻololi ʻia e pili ana i ke komo ʻana ma waena o ke aʻalolo tibial a me ke aʻalolo flexor hallucis longus. Hiki i kēia ʻano ke hōʻike i 91% o ka malleolus posterior. ʻO ke kaumaha ma nā pūʻolo vascular a me nā neural ma ka ʻaoʻao o kēia ʻano ua ana ʻia ma 7.0N (6.2-7.9).
▲ Hoʻololi ʻia ke ʻano o ka Posterior Medial (Pana Melemele). 1. ʻO ke aʻalolo tibial hope; 2. ʻO ke aʻalolo flexor lōʻihi o nā manamana wāwae; 3. Nā kīʻaha tibial hope; 4. ʻO ke aʻalolo Tibial; 5. ʻO ke aʻalolo flexor hallucis longus; 6. ʻO ke aʻalolo Achilles. AB=4.7CM, ʻo ka laulā hōʻike malleolus hope (BC/AB) he 91%.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-27-2023
